A | 提升产业集群资源协同配置效率我省加快培育产业大脑日报讯（记者米彦泽）今年加快培育产业大脑，以工业互联网为基础，构建智能化产业生态系统，让特色产业集群企业产能匹配更精准、融资贷款更顺畅、生产管理更高效，助力产业集群加速跑。 WASHINGTON -- Fifty years after the 1973 Arab oil embargo, the current crisis in the Middle East has the potential to disrupt global oil supplies and push prices higher. But don't expect a repeat of the catastrophic price hikes and long lines at the gasoline pump, experts say.The Israel-Hamas war is “definitely not good news” for oil markets already stretched by cutbacks in oil production from Saudi Arabia and Russia and expected stronger demand from China, the head of the International Energy Agency said.Markets will remain volatile, and the conflict could push oil prices higher, "which is definitely bad news for inflation,” Fatih Birol, executive director of the Paris-based IEA, told The Associated Press. Developing countries that import oil and other fuels would be the most affected by higher prices, he said.International benchmark Brent crude traded above $91 a barrel on Thursday, up from $85 per barrel on Oct. 6, the day before Hamas attacked Israel, killing hundreds of civilians. Israel immediately launched airstrikes on Gaza, destroying entire neighborhoods and killing hundreds of Palestinian civilians in the days that have followed.Fluctuations since the attack pushed oil prices as high as $96. The price of oil depends on how much of it is getting used and how much is available. The latter is under threat because of the Hamas-Israel war, even though the Gaza Strip is not home to major crude production.One worry is that the fighting could lead to complications with Iran, home of some of the world’s largest oil reserves. Its crude production has been constrained by international sanctions, but oil is still flowing to China and other countries.“In order to get a sustained move (in prices), we really would need to see a supply disruption,” said Andrew Lipow, president at Lipow Oil Associates, a Houston-based consultant.Any damage to Iranian oil infrastructure from a military strike by Israel could send prices jumping globally. Even without that, a shutdown of the Strait of Hormuz that lies south of Iran could also shake the oil market because so much of the world’s supplies goes through the waterway.Until something like that happens, “the oil market is going to be like everyone else, monitoring the events in the Middle East,” Lipow said.One reason 1970s-style gas lines are unlikely: U.S. oil production is at an all-time high. The U.S. Energy Information Administration, an arm of the Energy Department, reported that American oil production in the first week of October hit 13.2 million barrels per day, passing the previous record set in 2020 by 100,000 barrels. Weekly domestic oil production has doubled from the first week in October 2012 to now.“The energy crisis of 1973 taught us many things, but in my mind, the most critical is that American energy strength is a tremendous source of security, prosperity and freedom around the world,'' said Mike Sommers, president and CEO of the American Petroleum Institute, the U.S. oil industry's top lobbying group.In a speech Wednesday marking the 50th anniversary of the 1973 oil embargo, Sommers said current U.S. production contrasts sharply with “America’s weakened position during the Arab oil embargo.'' He urged U.S. policymakers to heed what he called the lessons of 1973.“We cannot squander our strategic advantage and retreat on energy leadership,'' said Sommers, who has repeatedly criticized President Joe Biden's policies restricting restricting new oil leases as part of Biden's efforts to slow global climate change.“With an unstable world, war in Europe, war in the Middle East, and energy demand outstripping supply, energy security is on the line,'' Sommers said in a speech at the Hudson Institute, a Washington think tank.“American oil and gas are needed now more than ever,'' Sommers said. “Let’s take to heart the lessons we learned from 1973 and avoid sowing the seeds of the next energy crisis.'' For now, the crisis isn’t a repeat of 1973. Arab countries aren’t attacking Israel in unison, and OPEC+ nations have not moved to restrict supplies or boost prices beyond a few extra dollars.There are several wild cards in the energy market. One is the supply of Iranian oil. Eager to avoid a spike in gasoline prices and inflation, the U.S. has quietly tolerated some exports of Iranian oil to destinations such as China instead of going all in on sanctions aimed at Iran’s nuclear program. If Iran, which has warned Israel not to undertake a ground offensive, escalates the Gaza conflict — including a possible attack by Hezbollah militants in Lebanon supported by Iran — that might change the U.S. stance. “If the U.S. were then also to enforce the oil sanctions against Iran more strictly again, the oil market would tighten noticeably,” say commodities analysts at Commerzbank.Lawmakers from both parties have urged Biden to block Iranian oil sales, seeking to dry up one of the regime’s key sources of funding.Another wild card is how Saudi Arabia would respond if Iranian oil is restricted. Oil analysts say that while the Saudis may welcome recent oil price hikes, they don’t want a massive price spike that would fuel inflation, higher central bank interest rates and possible recession in oil-consuming countries that ultimately would limit or even kill off demand for oil. A third unknown is whether more oil will reach the market from Venezuela. The U.S. agreed Wednesday to temporarily suspend some sanctions on the country’s oil, gas and gold sectors after Venezuela’s government and a faction of its opposition formally agreed to work together on election reforms.Venezuelan production could increase in 2024. In the next six months, however, production could ramp up by some 200,000 barrels a day, a relative drop in the ocean, according to Sofia Guidi Di Sante, senior oil market analyst at Rystad Energy.Wyoming Sen. John Barrasso, the top Republican on the Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee, slammed the U.S. action as a “gimmick” that appeases a brutal regime in Venezuela. “Joe Biden’s energy policies put America last,'' Barrasso said, citing the Democratic president's decisions to kill the controversial Keystone XL oil pipeline and sell off significant portions of the nation’s Strategic Petroleum Reserve, taking it to its lowest level since the 1980s. The Energy Department said Thursday it will seek offers to start refilling the oil reserve in December, with monthly solicitations expected through May 2024.“He eased sanctions on Iran, which funds terrorism across the Middle East. Now with Israel under attack, Biden is desperate for anything to mask the consequences of his reckless policies,'' Barrasso said. “America should never beg for oil from socialist dictators or terrorists.''The Treasury Department says it has targeted nearly 1,000 individuals and entities connected to terrorism and terrorist financing by the Iranian regime and its proxies, including Hamas, Hezbollah and other groups in the region. "We will continue to take action as appropriate to counter Iran’s destabilizing activity in the region and around the world,” Treasury said in a statement.____McHugh reported from Frankfurt, Germany. Choe reported from New York.。“每吨带钢比自采便宜15元！”8月18日，展宇机电科技有限公司总经理柴晓东登录永年紧固件产业大脑，看到头天提交的2000吨带钢采购需求已新鲜出价。仅此一单，即可为企业节省成本3万元。作为永年紧固件产业集群企业，展宇机电每年采购盘条、带钢等原材料5万吨。然而，在钢铁生产企业面前，单个企业的采购体量有限，长期以来该公司主要通过钢铁贸易商采购原材料，缺乏议价权，占用大量流动资金。而在永年，像展宇机电这样的紧固件企业多达上万家，几乎家家都面临着同样的困境。去年以来，永年区开始建设紧固件产业大脑，创新构建“1+1+N”整体架构，即1个政府全域总平台、1个共享制造基础技术底座、N个专业协同子平台，为集群企业提供原料集采、产品集销、数字金融、仓储物流等多种服务，打造全球紧固件数字化共享制造与数字贸易中心。
B | 接入永年紧固件产业大脑后，展宇机电只需发布原料需求，产业大脑便能自动识别型号、归集集群内同类采购，将分散的小单汇集成大单，再以规模优势向上游钢企统一议价。集采模式下，仅原料采购，展宇机电就能每年节省75万元。产业大脑是推动产业集群数字化转型、催生新质生产力的核心载体，是拓展深化共享智造、壮大县域经济、构建现代化产业体系的关键抓手。出台数字技术赋能制造业、数智赋能产业集群高质量发展等系列政策，开展产业大脑培育工程，同步制定建设指南与指标体系，构建“产业大脑+共享工厂”融合模式，培育永年紧固件、宁晋电线电缆等6个省级行业产业大脑，为集群企业提供数智转型、原料集采、产品集销、共享制造、数字金融等“一厂九集”的服务功能，畅通集群产业链、创新链、资金链。景县橡塑产业大脑把整个产业的数字化生产、工业设计、科研创新、上下游配套等各类资源汇聚集成，打造集群共享的“中枢系统”，海量数据共享让企业生产管理变得耳聪目明。宁晋电线电缆产业大脑提供一站式数字化供应链服务，帮助企业降低原材料采购成本100-200元/吨，降低运输综合成本达3%，平台入驻企业1000余家，交易额超200亿元。省工信厅相关负责人介绍，今年启动第二批产业大脑培育工作，计划再培育10个省级行业产业大脑，持续深化场景落地与市场化运营，逐步推动产业大脑服务覆盖107个重点产业集群，鼓励集群依托产业大脑开展大模型适配部署与落地应用，提升产业集群数字化水平和产业资源协同配置效率。
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